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''Bacillus cereus'' is an endemic , soil-dwelling, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, motile, beta hemolytic bacterium. Some strains are harmful to humans and cause foodborne illness, while other strains can be beneficial as probiotics for animals. It is the cause of "fried rice syndrome", as the bacteria are classically contracted from fried rice dishes that have been sitting at room temperature for hours (such as at a buffet). ''B. cereus'' bacteria are facultative anaerobes, and like other members of the genus ''Bacillus'', can produce protective endospores. Its virulence factors include cereolysin and phospholipase C. It was from this species that two new enzymes, named AlkC and AlkD, which are involved in DNA repair, were discovered in 2006. ==Ecology== ''B. cereus'' competes with other microorganisms such as ''Salmonella'' and ''Campylobacter'' in the gut, so its presence reduces the numbers of those microorganisms. In food animals such as chickens,〔 〕 rabbits〔 〕 and pigs,〔 〕 some harmless strains of ''B. cereus'' are used as a probiotic feed additive to reduce ''Salmonella'' in the intestines and cecum. This improves the animals' growth as well as food safety for humans who eat their meat. Some strains of ''B. cereus'' produce cereins, bacteriocins active against different ''B. cereus'' strains or other Gram-positive bacteria. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bacillus cereus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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